THIS DAY IN HISTORY 5 JULY
• VENEZUELA INDEPENDENCE 1811
On July 5, 1811, representatives of the Venezuelan provinces met and signed a declaration of independence from the Spanish Empire. A civil war had been raging throughout the colony, and although total independence would not be achieved immediately, Venezuela was still the first Spanish American colony to declare independence.
The first government of Venezuela fell following an earthquake in the capital Caracas and a Spanish military victory. Latin American hero Simon Bolivar launched a campaign to reinstate the free republic but was also defeated. It would not be until 1823 that his efforts were finally successful, and Venezuela became an independent country known as Gran Colombia (along with modern day Colombia, Panama and Ecuador).
• BBC FIRST TELEVISED BULLETIN 1954
Television news, although physically separate from its radio counterpart, was still firmly under radio news' control in the 1950s. Correspondents provided reports for both outlets, and the first televised bulletin, shown on 5 July 1954 on the then BBC television service and presented by Richard Baker, involved his providing narration off-screen while stills were shown.
• JEFF BEZOS AMAZON 1994
Amazon was founded as a result of what Jeff Bezos called his "regret minimization framework", which described his efforts to fend off any regrets for not participating sooner in the Internet business boom during that time. On July 5, 1994, Bezos initially incorporated the company in Washington State with the name Cadabra, Inc. After a few months he changed the name to Amazon.com, Inc because a lawyer misheard its original name as "cadaver". In its early days, the company was operated out of the garage of Bezos's house on Northeast 28th Street in Bellevue, Washington. In September 1994, Bezos purchased the domain name relentless.com and briefly considered naming his online store Relentless, but friends told him the name sounded a bit sinister. The domain is still owned by Bezos and still redirects to the retailer.
• TED WILLIAMS DIES 2002
Nicknamed 'The Kid' Williams played his entire career for the Boston Red Sox as a left fielder and remains one of the game's greatest ever hitters. He has the highest batting average of any player in the live ball era and his on base percentage is the highest of all time. Although his career was interrupted by service in the Korean War he still managed to play until the age of 42 before becoming a manager for the Texas Rangers.
He was inducted into the baseball Hall of Fame in 1966. In his last years, Williams suffered from cardiomyopathy. He had a pacemaker implanted in November 2000 and he underwent open-heart surgery in January 2001. After suffering a series of strokes and congestive heart failure, he died of cardiac arrest at the age of 83 on July 5, 2002, at Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, Florida, near his home in Citrus Hills, Florida.
• 2009 WIMBLEDON FINAL
Without question, the 2009 Wimbledon final was Federer and Roddick's most historic match, and their first meeting in a final since the 2006 US Open. The match included a 30-game fifth set (a Grand Slam final record) and lasted over four hours. In the final game of the deciding set, Roddick's serve was broken for the first time in the match. With that victory, Federer broke Pete Sampras' record of 14 Grand Slam singles titles, and Roddick apologized to Sampras (who was in attendance) for not being able to stop Federer.
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